What are data types anyway?

Data must have types so the language can distinguish between them. For example, there might be numbers. So the language needs to distinguish to know how to handle these numbers. And there must be a data type for the language to know how to handle written text. Like for example in the introduction when you created a variable name and set it to "Maged". We will now see these types together.

Int

Int is an integer. Like in math, numbers -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, and so on. Python handles integers when you write them like this:

age = 16 # Notice I wrote the number normally

Mathematical Operations

We can also perform mathematical operations like addition and subtraction.

balance = 350
cost = 100
balance_after_purchase = balance - cost
print(balance_after_purchase) # Try printing it yourself and see what happens
balance_after_refund = balance_after_purchase + cost
print(balance_after_refund)

number_of_item = 3
cost = 100
total_cost = number_of_item * cost # We use the asterisk to multiply numbers
print(total_cost)

cost_of_one_item = total_cost / number_of_item # We use the slash (/) to divide
print(cost_of_one_item)

Float

Float is used for decimal numbers. Like 1.5, 3.14, 2.71, etc...

pi = 3.14
print(pi)

If you want the language to treat the number as a float even if it's not a fraction initially, you must write it with a decimal point after it.

cost = 100.0
print(cost)

Of course, you can perform mathematical operations on it just like Int, normally.

String

String is text. It can be a name, address, or anything that is text.

name = "Maged"
print(name)

Operations on String

You can normally add and multiply strings together. But you cannot subtract or divide them.

address_one = "Fake Street"
address_two = "321"
full_address = address_one + " " + address_two # I added a space so they don't stick together
print(full_address) # Try printing without the space

symbol = "#"
print(symbol * 10)

Try putting numbers in quotation marks and add them.

print("1" + "2")

It will print 12 because it's a string, It won't print 3 as in numbers

Boolean

Boolean type has only two values: True and False. It is often used in conditions. Note that the first letter must be capitalized.

is_logged_in = True
has_permission = False